Which of the following correctly defines assault?

The definition of assault is correctly captured by the option that describes it as any willful attempt or threat to inflict injury, coupled with present ability to do so. This definition encompasses both the intention to cause harm and the immediate capability to carry out that threat, which are essential components of assault in most legal contexts.

Assault is not merely about the act of causing physical injury; rather, it can also include the act of threatening someone in a way that instills fear of imminent harm. The requirement of "present ability" signifies that for a threat to qualify as assault, the individual must be in a position to execute that threat at the time it is made.

The other definitions do not fully capture the legal nuance of assault. A verbal threat made without action does not constitute assault, as the element of present ability is absent. A willful action causing minor injury may imply a physical act took place, but it does not meet the criteria for assault if it lacks the aspect of a threat or intent to inflict injury. Lastly, accidental harm causing fear does not align with the definition of assault, since true assault requires deliberate intent, rather than unintended actions. Thus, the chosen definition clearly aligns with legal standards for defining assault.